A camera shot is the amount of space that is seen in one shot. Camera shots are used to demonstrate different things within a film, camera shots can emphasise how we see something, for example if a camera shot is low down looking up at someone it can show dominance in the bigger character as it would make them seem bigger. This shows that camera shots are very important within film. There are lots of different camera shots frequently being used in film.
1.Extreme long shots: This kind of shot often contains a lot of landscape, this shot is generally used as an establishing shot at the beginning of a film or in order to set a new location within the film. Another name for this shot is an establishing shot, however it is more commonly known as an extreme long shot.
2.Long shots: This shot contains less landscape than an extreme long shot and tends to give the viewer a more detailed setting of the film, for example a long shot may show buildings where the film may take place.
3.Full shot: This contains a full view of the characters, you tend to be able to see the costumes, their facial expressions and body language, from this shot the audience can see the relationships between characters, get a feel for how old the characters are and also the type of personality the character will have.
4.Mid shot: From this camera angle we can see the characters from the waist up. From this shot we get to see the characters facial expressions more clearly which gives us an insight into what they are thinking/doing. We can also see interaction with other characters more clearly.
5. Close-up: A close up only contains one characters face, in this you cannot see their body, because of this it means the audience can see the characters facial expressions and emotions very easily making it easier for the audience to understand what the character is feeling.
6.Extreme close-up: This shot can contain one part of a characters face or an object. This type of shot can make the mood of the film very intense, so this type of shot is very often used in horror films to make it scarier for the audience.
Camera angles
Camera angles are very different to camera shots, a camera angle is used to position the audience so they can see the relationships between characters. This can be very important as the camera angle can make the audience view a character completely different, so if done badly the audience could perceive a character to be small and timid whereas they could be big and menacing.
1.Birds eye angle: This angle is from directly above the scene/characters, this camera angle is very often used at the beginning of a film or to establish the scene. This shot is also used with the extreme long shot to add for effect.
2. High angle: A high angle looks down on a character, this is to make the characters look small and vulnerable. Angles like this are used in films to make it easier for the viewer to understand the point of view of another character e.g. A bully looking down on a smaller, younger kid.
3. Eye-level angle: This angle is used to put the audience on the same level as the character, this can be used to show conversation between two different characters. This type of angle is also used to make the viewers feel more comfortable with the character.
4. Low angle: This is a camera angle which looks up at the character, this has the opposite effect of which the high angle does, this shot makes a character look powerful and dominant. This effect makes the audience feel vulnerable.
Camera movement
Camera movement is the way in which the camera is being moved when filmed, the movement of the camera can create many different effects for the viewer. There are a few different types of camera movements which are done within film. I will now explain these.
1. Crane shot: This shot is filmed by using a crane, at the top of which is a cameraman and camera, this is used to make the shot go up and down smoothly without any bumps. The effect that it can give is often used at the end of films or scenes.
2. Tracking shot: A tracking shot is filmed on top of a short piece of track, the reason this is done is to keep the flow of the camera smooth. This sort of shot is used for things such as filming rooms, this can give the audience a tour of the room which is also very smooth.
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